Author | Title | Year | Journal/Proceedings | DOI/URL | |
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Baetz, W., Braasch, J. & W. Holzapfel, W. | Noise-modulated optical distance-measuring system [BibTeX] |
2005 | IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics Special Section on "Opto-Mechatronics" , Vol. 52 , pp. 944-952 |
URL | |
BibTeX: @article{Baetz2005a, author = {Baetz, W. AND Braasch, J. AND W. Holzapfel, W.} , title = {Noise-modulated optical distance-measuring system} , journal = {IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics |
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Baetz, W. & Holzapfel, W. | Laserinterferometer mit linearem Übertragungsverhalten zur Messung mechanischer Schwingungen [BibTeX] |
1987 | 88. Tagungsband der Deutschen Gesellschaft für angewandte Optik , Vol. 88 , pp. 50 | ||
BibTeX: @conference{Baetz1987, author = {Baetz, W. AND Holzapfel, W.} , title = {Laserinterferometer mit linearem Übertragungsverhalten zur Messung mechanischer Schwingungen} , booktitle = {88. Tagungsband der Deutschen Gesellschaft für angewandte Optik} , year = {1987} , volume = {88} , pages = {50} } |
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Baetz, W. & Holzapfel, W. | Vibration Measurement by Closed-Loop Laser-Interferometry [BibTeX] |
1989 | Interferometry , Vol. 1121 , pp. 458-469 , ISBN 0-8194-0157-9 | ||
BibTeX: @inproceedings{Baetz1989a, author = {Baetz, W. AND Holzapfel, W.} , title = {Vibration Measurement by Closed-Loop Laser-Interferometry} , booktitle = {Interferometry} , year = {1989} , volume = {1121} , pages = {458-469} , note = {ISBN 0-8194-0157-9} } |
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Baetz, W. & Holzapfel, W. | Absolute-Distance Interferometry (ADI) with Randomly Modulated Optical Wavelength [BibTeX] |
2002 | Proceedigs of the SPIE "Optomechatronic Systems III" , Vol. 4902 , pp. 270-274 , ISBN 0-8194-4689-0 | ||
BibTeX: @inproceedings{Baetz2002, author = {Baetz, W. AND Holzapfel, W.} , title = {Absolute-Distance Interferometry (ADI) with Randomly Modulated Optical Wavelength} , booktitle = {Proceedigs of the SPIE "Optomechatronic Systems III"} , year = {2002} , volume = {4902} , pages = {270-274} , note = {ISBN 0-8194-4689-0} } |
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Baetz, W. & Holzapfel, W. | Laserinterferometer-Anordnung für kombinierte Translations- und Kippwinkelmessung [BibTeX] |
1989 | VDI-Berichte , Vol. 749 , pp. 177-191 , ISBN 3-18-090749-5 | ||
BibTeX: @article{Baetz1989, author = {Baetz, W. AND Holzapfel, W.} , title = {Laserinterferometer-Anordnung für kombinierte Translations- und Kippwinkelmessung} , journal = {VDI-Berichte} , year = {1989} , volume = {749} , pages = {177-191} , note = {ISBN 3-18-090749-5} } |
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Baetz, W., Holzapfel, W., Nath, B. & Dietrich, H. | Beam Configuration for Light Sheet Application [BibTeX] |
2005 | Measurement , Vol. 38 , pp. 42-52 , ISBN: 0263-2241 | URL | |
BibTeX: @article{Baetz2005, author = {Baetz, W. AND Holzapfel, W. AND Nath, B. AND Dietrich, H.} , title = {Beam Configuration for Light Sheet Application} , journal = {Measurement} , year = {2005} , volume = {38} , pages = {42-52} , note = {ISBN: 0263-2241} , url = {ScienceDirect: doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2005.02.004} } |
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Baetz, W., Kroll, A. & Bonow, G. | Mobile Robots with Active IR-Optical Sensing for Remote Gas Detection and Source Localization [BibTeX] |
2009 | IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2009) , pp. 2773-2778 , IEEE , Kobe, Japan , May 12-17 , IEEE Catalog Number: CFP09RAA-DVD | ||
BibTeX: @inproceedings{Baetz2009ICRA, author = {Baetz, Werner and Kroll, Andreas and Bonow, Gero} , title = {Mobile Robots with Active IR-Optical Sensing for Remote Gas Detection and Source Localization} , booktitle = {IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2009)} , publisher = {IEEE} , year = {2009} , pages = {2773-2778} , address = {Kobe, Japan} , note = {IEEE Catalog Number: CFP09RAA-DVD} , isbn = {978-1-4244-2789-5} , issn = {1050-4729} } |
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Baetz, W., Kroll, A. & Soldan, S. | On Gas Leak Detection of Pressurised Components by Using Thermograms and Pattern Recognition Algorithms | 2010 | Proc. 8th Int. Conf. on NDE in Relation to Structural Integrity for Nuclear and Pressurised Components , pp. 503-512 , European Commission, Joint Research Center, Institute for Energy , Berlin, Germany , 29. September - 1. Oktober , DGZfP-Proceedings BB 125-CD | URL | |
Abstract: Detection of leaks in pressurized components such as above-ground pipes, vessels, instruments, fittings and machinery is of high relevance for plant operating authorities and utility companies in order to prevent harm to humans, nature and assets or just to prevent financial losses. Especially for gaseous fluids, remotely applicable infrared (IR) spectroscopical detection methods can be applied to scan the environment of the pressurised components for escaped gas. Spectroscopic methods fail if the spectral fingerprint of the fluid is unknown or not distinguishable in the chosen IR window of the atmosphere. Moreover, leaks in pressurised or liquid air leading components cannot be detected spectroscopically. In such cases, the application of passive IR thermography is proposed to permit remote leak detection by assessing the resulting temperature profile disturbance due to the cooling effect of expanding gas. This effect is not limited to pressurised air but can be used for any gaseous fluid. The thermal effect is tiny and the disturbances e.g. due to reflections of natural and artificial IR emitters and due to varying surface and material properties (heat conduction, emissivity, reflectivity,...) in the optical infrared spectral region make it difficult to interpret the interferogram by the human operator to identify a leak. In this contribution, methods for an automatic analysis of thermograms with respect to the presence of leaks by using pattern matching algorithms are presented. For this purpose, a dedicated test stand was build. The results of extensive leakage measurement campaigns with different materials (incl. ordinary and stainless steel), various pressurized components (incl. pipes, valves, flanges, manometers) and of different measurement set-ups (measurement angle, disturbing emitters, pressure difference, ...) will be presented. Pressurised air was used as test gas due to its simple handling. Different pattern matching algorithms that use the concept of a matching filter will be introduced and first results comparing their classification performance will be recorded. It will be shown, that under laboratory conditions, an extended range of leakages can be reliably detected. | |||||
BibTeX: @inproceedings{Baetz_NDE2010, author = {Werner Baetz AND Andreas Kroll AND Samuel Soldan} , title = {On Gas Leak Detection of Pressurised Components by Using Thermograms and Pattern Recognition Algorithms} , booktitle = {Proc. 8th Int. Conf. on NDE in Relation to Structural Integrity for Nuclear and Pressurised Components} , publisher = {European Commission, Joint Research Center, Institute for Energy} , year = {2010} , pages = {503-512} , address = {Berlin, Germany} , note = {DGZfP-Proceedings BB 125-CD} , url = {http://www.8thnde.com/Programme/Session.aspx?id=8B4185CE-336B-4725-A598-31A1F23F9DA1} , isbn = {978-92-79-20321-3} } |
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Baetz., W., Holzapfel, W. & Neuschaefer-Rube, U. | A New Method of Force Sensing Utilizing Resonant Amplification of Induced Optical Phase Anisotropies [BibTeX] |
1991 | Proceedings of IMEKO XII , Vol. Measurement of force, mass, pressure, flow and vibration , pp. 310-315 , ISBN 7-80003-175-6/TB. 18 | ||
BibTeX: @inproceedings{Baetz.1991, author = {Baetz., W. AND Holzapfel, W. AND Neuschaefer-Rube, U.} , title = {A New Method of Force Sensing Utilizing Resonant Amplification of Induced Optical Phase Anisotropies} , booktitle = {Proceedings of IMEKO XII} , year = {1991} , volume = {Measurement of force, mass, pressure, flow and vibration} , pages = {310-315} , note = {ISBN 7-80003-175-6/TB. 18} } |
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Göken, J., K. Bergmann, K., Baetz, W. & Steinhoff, K. | Functional gradation of gear shafts made of cementation steel and its influence on damping and microstructure [BibTeX] |
2006 | Materials Characterization , Vol. 57 , pp. 137-149 , ISSN: 1044-5803 | URL | |
BibTeX: @article{Goeken2006, author = {Göken, J. AND K. Bergmann, K. AND Baetz, W. AND Steinhoff, K.} , title = {Functional gradation of gear shafts made of cementation steel and its influence on damping and microstructure} , journal = {Materials Characterization} , year = {2006} , volume = {57} , pages = {137-149} , note = {ISSN: 1044-5803} , url = {ScienceDirect: doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2006.01.013} } |
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Holzapfel, W. & Baetz, W. | Signal Processing in Optical Distance Sensors applying Noise FM and Coherent Detection [BibTeX] |
2002 | Tagungsband 47. Wissenschaftliche Kolloquium, , Vol. 47 , pp. 504-505 , ISBN 0943-7207 | ||
BibTeX: @inproceedings{Holzapfel2002, author = {Holzapfel, W. AND Baetz, W.} , title = {Signal Processing in Optical Distance Sensors applying Noise FM and Coherent Detection} , booktitle = {Tagungsband 47. Wissenschaftliche Kolloquium,} , year = {2002} , volume = {47} , pages = {504-505} , note = {ISBN 0943-7207} } |
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Holzapfel, W. & Baetz, W. | Schwingungsuntersuchung an optischen Bänken mit Kunststoffwabenkern [BibTeX] |
1992 | IMAT-Bericht MT , Vol. 13 (13) , pp. 79 , ISBN 3-88122-681-8 | ||
BibTeX: @article{Holzapfel1992, author = {Holzapfel, W. AND Baetz, W.} , title = {Schwingungsuntersuchung an optischen Bänken mit Kunststoffwabenkern} , journal = {IMAT-Bericht MT} , year = {1992} , volume = {13} , number = {13} , pages = {79} , note = {ISBN 3-88122-681-8} } |
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Holzapfel, W. & Baetz, W. | Statistisch-dynamische Vermessung von piezoelektrischen Aktuatoren [BibTeX] |
1991 | IMAT-Bericht MT 2 , Vol. 2 (2) , pp. 41 , ISBN 3-88122-543-9 | ||
BibTeX: @article{Holzapfel1991, author = {Holzapfel, W. AND Baetz, W.} , title = {Statistisch-dynamische Vermessung von piezoelektrischen Aktuatoren} , journal = {IMAT-Bericht MT 2} , year = {1991} , volume = {2} , number = {2} , pages = {41} , note = {ISBN 3-88122-543-9} } |
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Holzapfel, W. & Baetz, W. | Schwingungsanalyse an einer Hochleistungsbandsäge [BibTeX] |
1991 | IMAT-Bericht MT , Vol. 4 (4) , pp. 15 , ISBN 3-88122-623-0 | ||
BibTeX: @article{Holzapfel1991a, author = {Holzapfel, W. AND Baetz, W.} , title = {Schwingungsanalyse an einer Hochleistungsbandsäge} , journal = {IMAT-Bericht MT} , year = {1991} , volume = {4} , number = {4} , pages = {15} , note = {ISBN 3-88122-623-0} } |
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Holzapfel, W., Baetz, W. & Braasch, J. | Noise-modulated laser diode interferometer and its application to range finding [BibTeX] |
1993 | SPIE-Proceedings , Vol. 2004 , pp. 71-76 , ISBN 0-8194-1253-8 | ||
BibTeX: @inproceedings{Holzapfel1993, author = {Holzapfel, W. AND Baetz, W. AND Braasch, J.} , title = {Noise-modulated laser diode interferometer and its application to range finding} , booktitle = {SPIE-Proceedings} , year = {1993} , volume = {2004} , pages = {71-76} , note = {ISBN 0-8194-1253-8} } |
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Holzapfel, W., Baetz, W., Braasch, J. & Hölscher, M. | Rauschmodulierter Laserdioden-E-Messer [BibTeX] |
1997 | IMAT-Bericht MT , Vol. 14 (14) , pp. 222 , ISBN 3-88122-925-6 | ||
BibTeX: @article{Holzapfel1997, author = {Holzapfel, W. AND Baetz, W. AND Braasch, J. AND Hölscher, M.} , title = {Rauschmodulierter Laserdioden-E-Messer} , journal = {IMAT-Bericht MT} , year = {1997} , volume = {14} , number = {14} , pages = {222} , note = {ISBN 3-88122-925-6} } |
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Holzapfel, W., Baetz, W., Braasch, J. & Hölscher, M. | Rauschmodulierter Laserdioden-E-Messer VDI-TZ-Broschüre zur Abschlußpräsentation des vom BMBF geförderten Verbundprojektes 3D-Objektvermessung auf größere Entfernungen S.43-56 [BibTeX] |
1996 | |||
BibTeX: @booklet{Holzapfel1996, author = {Holzapfel, W. AND Baetz, W. AND Braasch, J. AND Hölscher, M.} , title = {Rauschmodulierter Laserdioden-E-Messer |
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Holzapfel, W., Baetz, W., Braasch, J., Hölscher, M. & Neuschaefer-Rube, U. | Laserdioden-Beschleunigungsmesser [BibTeX] |
1991 | IMAT-Bericht MT , Vol. 6 (6) , pp. 171 , ISBN 3-88122-625-7 | ||
BibTeX: @article{Holzapfel1991b, author = {Holzapfel, W. AND Baetz, W. AND Braasch, J. AND Hölscher, M. AND Neuschaefer-Rube, U.} , title = {Laserdioden-Beschleunigungsmesser} , journal = {IMAT-Bericht MT} , year = {1991} , volume = {6} , number = {6} , pages = {171} , note = {ISBN 3-88122-625-7} } |
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Holzapfel, W., Baetz, W., Braasch, J. & Neuschaefer-Rube, U. | Force Measuring Sensor applying Transmission Ellipsometric Principles [BibTeX] |
1990 | Applied Optics Digest, Edt. J. C. Dainty Applied Optics Digest , pp. 49-50 , ISBN 0-85498-528-X | ||
BibTeX: @inproceedings{Holzapfel1990, author = {Holzapfel, W. AND Baetz, W. AND Braasch, J. AND Neuschaefer-Rube, U.} , title = {Force Measuring Sensor applying Transmission Ellipsometric Principles} , booktitle = {Applied Optics Digest} , journal = {Applied Optics Digest, Edt. J. C. Dainty} , year = {1990} , pages = {49-50} , note = {ISBN 0-85498-528-X} } |
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Holzapfel, W., Baetz, W. & Braasch, J.C. | Coherent optical rangefinder with stochastically frequency-modulated semiconductor laser [BibTeX] |
1994 | Proceedings of XIII IMEKO World Congress , Vol. 3 , pp. 1695-1700 , Measurement of Geometrical Quantities | ||
BibTeX: @inproceedings{Holzapfel1994, author = {Holzapfel, W. AND Baetz, W. AND Braasch, J. C.} , title = {Coherent optical rangefinder with stochastically frequency-modulated semiconductor laser} , booktitle = {Proceedings of XIII IMEKO World Congress} , year = {1994} , volume = {3} , pages = {1695-1700} , note = {Measurement of Geometrical Quantities} } |
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Holzapfel, W., Baetz, W. & Settgast, W. | Schwingsaitenwaage [BibTeX] |
1997 | IMAT-Bericht MT , Vol. 9 (9) , pp. 106 , ISBN 3-88122-923-X | ||
BibTeX: @article{Holzapfel1997a, author = {Holzapfel, W. AND Baetz, W. AND Settgast, W.} , title = {Schwingsaitenwaage} , journal = {IMAT-Bericht MT} , year = {1997} , volume = {9} , number = {9} , pages = {106} , note = {ISBN 3-88122-923-X} } |
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Holzapfel, W., Settgast, W. & Baetz, W. | Meßtechnischer Vergleich passiver Schwingungsisolationssysteme mit Luftkammerelementen und Niveauregelung [BibTeX] |
1986 | Konstruktion , Vol. 38 (4) , pp. 139-148 | ||
BibTeX: @article{wbKonstruktion98, author = {Holzapfel, W. AND Settgast, W. AND Baetz, W.} , title = {Meßtechnischer Vergleich passiver Schwingungsisolationssysteme mit Luftkammerelementen und Niveauregelung} , journal = {Konstruktion} , year = {1986} , volume = {38} , number = {4} , pages = {139-148} } |
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Kroll, A., Baetz, W. & Peretzki, D. | On Autonomous Detection of Pressured Air and Gas Leaks Using Passive IR-Thermography for Mobile Robot Application [BibTeX] |
2009 | IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2009) , pp. 921-926 , Kobe, Japan , May , IEEE Catalog Number: CFP09RAA-DVD | ||
BibTeX: @inproceedings{Kroll2009ICRA, author = {Kroll, Andreas and Baetz, Werner and Peretzki, Daniel} , title = {On Autonomous Detection of Pressured Air and Gas Leaks Using Passive IR-Thermography for Mobile Robot Application} , booktitle = {IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2009)} , year = {2009} , pages = {921-926} , address = {Kobe, Japan} , note = {IEEE Catalog Number: CFP09RAA-DVD} , isbn = {978-1-4244-2789-5} , issn = {1050-4729} } |
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Kroll, A., Baetz, W., Peretzki, D. & Bonow, G. | Als Roboter ausgebildete Vorrichtung zur autonomen, mannlosen Ermittlung von Leckagen unter Stofffreisetzung ins Umfeld aus druckführenden Systemen, insbesondere Rohrleitungssystemen, sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb eines solchen Roboters | 2010 | (DE 10 2008 047 151 B3) , Patent , WO 2010 028619 A1 | URL | |
Abstract: Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Vorrichtung zur autonomen Ermittlung von Leckagen unter Stofffreisetzung ins Umfeld aus druckführenden Systemen, insbesondere Rohrleitungssysteme, die Vorrichtung umfassend eine motorbetriebene Bewegungsplattform, z.B. ein Fahrgestell, mit einer Sensorik zur Lokalisierung und Navigation des Fahrgestells im Bereich des druckführenden Systems, die Vorrichtung ferner umfassend mindestens eine optische Fernmesseinrichtung zur Detektion und Lokalisation eines Lecks, wobei die ernmesseinrichtung in allen drei Raumachsen beweglich ist, und wobei die optische Fernmesseinrichtung mit dem Fahrgestell in Kommunikation steht, wobei die Auswertung der Daten aus der Fernmesseinrichtung und die Kommunikation zwischen Fernmesseinrichtung und Bewegungsplattform automatisiert erfolgt. | |||||
BibTeX: @misc{DPatent2010, author = {Andreas Kroll and Baetz, Werner and Peretzki, Daniel and Bonow, Gero} , title = {Als Roboter ausgebildete Vorrichtung zur autonomen, mannlosen Ermittlung von Leckagen unter Stofffreisetzung ins Umfeld aus druckführenden Systemen, insbesondere Rohrleitungssystemen, sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb eines solchen Roboters} , type = {Patent} , year = {2010} , number = {DE 10 2008 047 151 B3} , note = {WO 2010 028619 A1} , url = {https://depatisnet.dpma.de/DepatisNet/depatisnet?window=1&space=menu&content=treffer&action=bibdat&docid=DE102008047151B3} } |
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Naghibi Saber, S.M.AND Baetz, W. & Holzapfel, W. | Simultaneous Measurement of Surface Topology and Material Distribution by Polarization Detection [BibTeX] |
2003 | Proceedings of SPIE Optical Measurement Systems for Industrial Inspection III , Vol. 5144 , pp. 197-205 , ISBN 0-8194-5014-6 | ||
BibTeX: @inproceedings{Naghibi2003, author = {Naghibi Saber, S. M.AND Baetz, W. AND Holzapfel, W.} , title = {Simultaneous Measurement of Surface Topology and Material Distribution by Polarization Detection} , booktitle = {Proceedings of SPIE Optical Measurement Systems for Industrial Inspection III} , year = {2003} , volume = {5144} , pages = {197-205} , note = {ISBN 0-8194-5014-6} } |
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Nath, B., Dietrich, H., Baetz, W. & Holzapfel, W. | High Speed Gas Flow Diagnosis with Semiconductor Lasers [BibTeX] |
1999 |
Proceedings of IMEKO XV World Congress Photonic Measurements, Optical Measurements and Laser Applications , Vol. 11 , pp. 25 - 32 , ISBN 4-907764-10-3 |
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BibTeX: @inproceedings{Nath1999a, author = {Nath, B. AND Dietrich, H. AND Baetz, W. AND Holzapfel, W.} , title = {High Speed Gas Flow Diagnosis with Semiconductor Lasers} , booktitle = {Proceedings of IMEKO XV World Congress |
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Nath, B., Löber, W., Baetz, W. & Holzapfel, W. | Laser Light Sheet Imaging of Gas Flow with Laser Diodes [BibTeX] |
1999 | Optical Diagnostics in Engineering , Vol. 3 (1) , pp. 102 - 109 , ISBN 1364-4173 | URL | |
BibTeX: @article{Nath1999, author = {Nath, B. AND Löber, W. AND Baetz, W. AND Holzapfel, W} , title = {Laser Light Sheet Imaging of Gas Flow with Laser Diodes} , journal = {Optical Diagnostics in Engineering} , year = {1999} , volume = {3} , number = {1} , pages = {102 - 109} , note = {ISBN 1364-4173} , url = {http://www.igrant.demon.co.uk/PAPERS/NATH.PDF} } |
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Nath, B., Löber, W., Baetz, W. & Holzapfel, W. | Gas Flow Visualization by Laser Diode Light Sheet Imaging [BibTeX] |
1998 | 9th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics , Vol. 1 | ||
BibTeX: @inproceedings{Nath1998, author = {Nath, B. AND Löber, W AND Baetz, W. AND Holzapfel, W.} , title = {Gas Flow Visualization by Laser Diode Light Sheet Imaging} , booktitle = {9th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics} , year = {1998} , volume = {1} } |
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Nath, B., Löber, W., Baetz, W. & Holzapfel, W. | Application of Laser Diodes to Gas Flow Diagnosis [BibTeX] |
1998 | Proceedings of the International Workshop on Flow Diagnosis Techniques , pp. 157-164 , ISBN 5-7320-0514-5 | ||
BibTeX: @inproceedings{Nath1998a, author = {Nath, B. AND Löber, W AND Baetz, W. AND Holzapfel, W.} , title = {Application of Laser Diodes to Gas Flow Diagnosis} , booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Workshop on Flow Diagnosis Techniques} , year = {1998} , pages = {157-164} , note = {ISBN 5-7320-0514-5} } |
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Nath, B., Löber, W., Baetz, W. & Holzapfel, W. | Laser Light Sheet Imaging of Gas Flow with Laser Diodes, [BibTeX] |
1998 | Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Flow Visualization , pp. 99-102 , ISBN 0953399109 | ||
BibTeX: @inproceedings{Nath1998b, author = {Nath, B. AND Löber, W. AND Baetz, W. AND Holzapfel, W.} , title = {Laser Light Sheet Imaging of Gas Flow with Laser Diodes,} , booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Flow Visualization} , year = {1998} , pages = {99-102} , note = {ISBN 0953399109} } |
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